英语在考验中虽不是专业课,虽只有一百分,但它确实许多考生的拦路虎。英语中的阅读是得分重地,同时也是失分重地,尤其是遇到有一定难度的题目,同学们就只能听天由命。其实,作为非英语专业的学生,单词基础固然重要,但如果只靠拼单词量去做阅读是远远不够的,我们还要懂阅读的文本特征,会利用文本结构解题,这样才能在有限的时间内获得更高的分数。接下来,我们以2020年英语二TEXT2第26题这道难题为例,看一下文本如何帮助我们解题。
题目:
【1】①It is true that CEO pay has gone up—top ones may make 300 times the pay of typical workers on average, and since the mid-1970s, CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has, by varying estimates, gone up by about 500%. ②The typical CEO of a top American corporation now makes about $18.9 million a year.
【2】③The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly. ④The efforts of America’s highest-earning 1% have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy. ⑤It’s not popular to say, but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs really have upped their game relative to many other workers in the U.S. economy.
【3】Today’s CEO, at least for major American firms, must have many more skills than simply being able to “run the company.” CEOs must have a good sense of financial markets and maybe even how the company should trade in them.
26. Which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise?
[A] Increased business opportunities for top firms.
[B] Close cooperation among leading economies.
[C] The general pay rise with a better economy.
[D] The growth in the number of corporations.
27. Compared with their predecessors, today’s CEOs are required to _____.
(一) 初步定位
不是讲26题吗,为何要放上27题?这就涉及定位问题了。同学们都懂得做阅读先读题干,但是先读了有什么用呢。我们一起看一下26题的定位。
是不是有点慌了?这篇文章总共五段,当同学们拿着最明显的CEO定位是,会发现通篇都是,基础好一些的同学会再利用“rise”进一步定位,但很遗憾,一二段中也能定位到多处。同学们可以选择硬干,但很容易因为看的过多而被错误选项带偏,所以,定位准确很重要。那么,27题提到的“today's CEO”就是救命稻草了,三段段首为27题题干内容,所以26题只能在前两段,因为考研题目顺序和文本一致。
(二) 利用文体特点进一步定位
锁定前两段以后,同学们还是无从下手,因为题干中出现的“关键词”还是很多。没关系上老师思路:一,所有的文本都是议论文,议论文重要两个部分就是论据和作者的观点;二,论据之所以能作为论据,一定是固定无法动摇的,直白点,一定是发生过的事实;三,作者的解读评论等观点句,是一般的陈述,时态多为一般现在;四,题目问“哪一点促进了CEO工资的增长”,大家觉得,原因是例子呢,还是作者的分析呢?只能是分析!
看第一句,“has gone up”事实描述,过。第二句,“now makes”,时态符合,看,“现在CEO工资水平”,为体现原因,不留恋。第三句,“is”时态符合,看,开头“最好的理解CEO薪资增长的方式是”答案就在that从句里了,句子看不懂没关系,基本单词表意对应最大的只有A选项。
(三) 总结
此篇重点讲一些技巧原理,句子含义就不给大家讲了。通过这个典型的难题,同学们不难发现,命题人在考验大家的同时,题目文本中处处给大家留了线索,理解这些出题逻辑和行文特色,阅读必然被征服。